The floor and walls of the aseptic room should be smooth, resistant to dirt accumulation, and easy to clean. The workbench top must be level. Both the aseptic room and the buffer room are equipped with ultraviolet lamps; in the aseptic room, the UV lamp is positioned one meter above the workbench. Personnel entering the aseptic room must wear sterile gowns and sterile caps.

Currently, sterile rooms are commonly found in microbiology facilities, while most laboratories use laminar flow hoods. The primary function of a laminar flow hood is to use an air‑flow system to remove particulate contaminants, including microorganisms, from the work surface. Air is drawn through a filter by a motorized fan and directed onto the work surface, maintaining a controlled flow of sterile air at all times. A high‑velocity air curtain on the side facing outward prevents the ingress of external air.

In areas where conditions are relatively challenging, a wooden sterile box can be used as an alternative to an ultra-clean bench. The sterile box has a simple structure and is easy to move. Its front panel features two openings that can be sealed with sliding doors when not in use; during operation, arms can be extended into the box. A glass panel on the upper front allows for convenient observation of internal procedures. The box is equipped with a UV lamp, and a small side door enables the insertion of utensils, bacterial cultures, and other materials.

The cleanroom is a widely used foundational support facility, employed across numerous industries including electronic information, semiconductors, optoelectronics, precision manufacturing, pharmaceuticals and healthcare, bioengineering, aerospace, and automotive painting. Moreover, depending on the industry’s required precision and cleanliness standards, cleanrooms vary significantly in their classification levels.

The upper level is the aircraft cabin, which essentially constitutes a specialized domain with relatively limited space. Furthermore, at an even higher tier of requirements lie biochemical laboratories and high-precision nanomaterial production facilities. The development of IoT chips will be a major driver of future demand. As electronic components continue to shrink in size, liquid crystal panels have already advanced to the eighth generation, generating enormous industry-wide demand.

The aseptic room should be low and level, with an area of approximately 4 m² and a height of 2.2–2.3 m. Interior finishes must be smooth and even, free of uneven surfaces or sharp edges. Walls and ceilings should be constructed from impermeable materials to facilitate cleaning and disinfection. The room should have ample natural lighting, and the interior should be visible from outside the aseptic room. To maintain the required cleanliness, a buffer corridor should be provided around the aseptic room, with a buffer chamber adjacent to the corridor; the buffer chamber may be smaller in area than the aseptic room.

The aseptic room, the anteroom corridor, and the buffer room are all equipped with fluorescent lamps and ultraviolet lamps for air disinfection. The UV lamps should be positioned approximately 1 meter above the work surface, and their power switches must be located outside the room. Sliding doors should be installed at the entrances and exits of both the aseptic room and the buffer room, with door frames and frames flush; door gaps must be sealed, and the two doors should be staggered to prevent air convection that could lead to contamination.